Rotary engine



J' BEYSTRUM s sheetssheen 1.. RIOTARY ENGINE.I l Patented Feb. 22, 1887lll/lill (No ModeL) (Nb Model.) 3 sheets-sheet 2;

J. BBYSTRUM. ROTARY ENGINE.

No. 358,374. y Patented Feb. 22, 1887.

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A (No Model.) 3 sheet-sheen a..

' J. BEYSTRUM.

- ROTARY ENGINE.

Patented Feb. 2 2

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UNITED STATES PATENT GEEicE.

JOHN BEYsTRUM, or rirrsuae, PENNSYLVANIA.v

ROTARY ENGINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 358.374, datedFebruaryZZ, 1887.

Application filed August 6, 1886. Serial No. 2l0,185. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

- B e it known that I, JOHN BEYsrRUM, of Pittsburg, in the county ofAllegheny and State of-Pennsylvania, have invented a new and usefulImprovement in Rotary Engines; and I do hereby declare the following tobe a full, clear, and eXact description thereof.

My invention relates to rotary steam-engines, its principal objectsbeing to provide a simple and positive means of operating the pistonswithin the engine-cylinder and rotary head, to confine the steam withinthe steam-charnloer and pack the chamber, to guide, support, and packthe pistons in their movement within the cylinder and rotary head, andtolubricate the bearings of the piston-journals.

My invention consists, essentially, in combining with theengine-cylinder a rotary piston-head secured ccncentrically upon thepower-shaft and eccentrically within the cylinder, astationary pinextending through the cylinder-head and extending into the space withinthe piston-head, arms or vpitmen journaled on said pin, and slidingpistons pivoted at the outer ends of the pitmen and sliding through thepiston-head, the pitmen acting to' hold the pistons in contact with theinterior wall of the cylinder as the piston-head rotates therein.

It also consists in means for lubricating the journals of the pitrneuthrough the stationary pin on which they are mounted.

.It also consists in certain other improvements in the construction ofthe engine and the parts thereof. v

To enable others skilled in the art to make and use my invention, I Willdescribe the same more fully, referring to the accompanying drawings, inwhich- Figure 1 is a vertical central section of my improved rotaryengine. Fig. 2 is a plan view, partly in section, of the bed-plate. Fig.3V is an end View, the cylinder-head and side disk being removed, andthe lower half being shown in section. Fig. 4 is a perspective View ofthe pistons removed from the head. Fig. 5 is a perspective view of partof lthe side disk; and Fig. 6 is a sectional view of the stationary pinand pitmen, showing the manner of lubricating the journals thereof.

' Like letters of reference indicate like parts in each.

The engine shown is a compound engine having the live-steam cylinder Aand the eX- haust-steam cylinder B, the steam passing from. one cylinderto the other through port-s or passagesin the bed-plate C, on which thecylinders are supported, as hereinafter particularly described.

The construction of the cylinders is the same, the exhaust-cylinder andparts contained therein being increased in width according to thenecessary enlargement of the steam-space therein. i

The cylinders A B are secured at opposite ends of the bed-plate C, andthe power-shaft D extends between the two cylinders, carrying the bandwheel or pulley d, from which the rotary motion generated in the engineis transmitted. The cylinders are bolted to the bed-plate at b and areformed of the cylinderbody c and the cylinder-heads a a2, the head a.having the hub c3 extending out therefrom, within which isjournaled thepower-shaft D, thejournals for said shaft being shown at d at the outerends of the hubs a3. carries at each end the rotary piston-head E, whichis provided with a collar, f, extending within the enlargement aAk ofthe hub c3 and keyed to the shaft, as at f, the shafts not eX- tendinginto the piston-head, for the reason that the space therein is requiredfor the operation of the pistons.

The piston-head E is provided with the side plates or disks, F F', whicharerigidly attached to the piston-head, and in the preferredconstruction t-he collar f is found as part of 'the disk F, and the diskis secured rigidly to the piston-head by bolts. These disks or plates FF are of greater diameter than the steamspace K of the cylinder, andextend into annular recesses Kthereiu, formed between the cylinder-bodyc and the cylinder-heads a c2,

The shaft D f the annular recesses K and the side plates, F

F', being concentric with the power-shaft D.

the reception and operation of the stationary pin P, and the pistons GG', pitinen or arms H H', hereinafter described, and has the guideslotse, in which the pistons slide. The pistonhead is mounted on thepower-shaft D, eccentrically to the steamspace K of the cylinder, thepiston being in contact with the interior wall, k, thereof at the baseof the steam-space, and, if desired, a spring or steam actuatedpacking-plate, K', at the base of the cylinder' bears against thepiston-head, steam being admitted between the plate K, through holes K5,from the cored-out portion K, which communicates with the steam-inlet L,as shown in the drawings.

Ports Z Z m m' communicate with the steamspace K through the interiorwalls, k, on each side of the point of contact with the pistonhead-theports Z' m' near said point of contact, and the ports Z m at points justbelow a line drawn horizontally through the center of the cylinder-spaceK, the ports Z' m communicating with the ports Z m. These portscommunicate through the slide-valve N with the steaminlet L and theexhaust-passages M M', on each side thereof, in the bed-plate C, thesteam entering at L, passing thence through the central opening, n, inthe slide-valve into the port Z, and through said port and the auxiliaryport Z' into the steam-space K, and thence through the ports m m' andaround one end of theslide-valve into the exhaust-passage M, and on thereversal of the engine, by the movement of the slide-valve, the steampassing in the opposite direction through the steam-space and exhaustingfrom the ports Z into the exhaust-passage M'. The valve N is operated bya lever, n', by means of the rod n, extending through the stuffing-boxn3, its movement being limited by the setscrew a'.

Extending in the interior of the pistonhead E at the center of theinterior space, K, of the cylinder is the stationary pin P, supported inthe collar a5 on the cylinder-head a2, the side plate, F', having acentral opening, f2, to permit it to rotate around the collar a5.Journaled on said pin are the pitmen or arms H H', the pitman H havingthe singlejournal h, and the pitman H' having the two journals h'; andjournaled at the outer ends of the pitmen are the pistons G G', thepitmen having journals h, through which pins h* pass. As the steampassing into the space K through the ports Z Z' presses against thepistons it forces them around the steam-space,imparting the rotarymotion to the piston-head, and as the head rotates the pistons areprojected out of the head and drawn into it by the pitmen journaled tothe stationary pin P, the pitmen turning on the pin and the pistonsswinging slightly on the ends of the pitmen and being held in contactwith the Walls k of the cylinder by the pitmen, the movement of thepitnen and pistons being indicated by dotted mes.

To accommodate for the necessary swinging of the pistons on the pitmen,on account ot' the different centers of the piston-head and thestationary pin,the steam-space K is slightly higher than wide, and whenthe head is turned in the position shown in Fig. 3, as the guideslots eextend radially from the center of the head and the pistons areprojected on that line, the pitmen conform to that line, though workingfrom the pin P asa center, and hence the distance from the pin p to thewall k at that point is less than at a line drawn through the centers ofboth the head and the pin P, where the pitmen and pistons arenecessarily 011 the same line. As the steam presses against the pistonswhere theyprojectbeyond the pistou-head and thus causes the rotation ofthe engine, one or the other piston is always projected beyond the headand receives thepressure of the steam. The piston passes the lowersteam-port, Z', before it is projected far beyond the head at thecommencement of its stroke,and back-jnessure upon it is thus prevented,and when a greater surface of piston is exposed steam is suppliedthrough both ports Z Z', and in like manner the steam is first exhaustedthrough both ports m m', and the port m' receives the exhaust-steamuntil the piston is almost withdrawn at the end of its stroke. As theside plates, F F', rotate with the piston-head and pistons, I form intheir inner faces guiding-grooves 1*, in which the edges of the pistonsmove, the pistons being thus supported in their stroke by the sideplates, as well as the piston-heads and in order to close the upper endsof these grooves and prevent the escape of steam through them betweenthe cylinder body and plate, I form at the outer ends of the pistons thelips g', which extend a short distance beyond the interior wall, 7c, ofthe cylinder, and as the pistons are held continuously in contact withthe wall 7c, they thus prevent the escape of steam around them. In orderto allow for slight irregularity in the interior wall, 7c, of thecylinder, or in regular movement of the pitmen or pistons,I formspring-actuated packing-bars g2 at the ends of the pistons, these barspressing against the interior wall, 1c, continuously; and t-o formsteam-tight joints between the pistons and the bases of the grooves r inthe side plates in which they slide I provide spring-actuatedpacking-bars r in the side edges of the pistons, all the edges of thepistons exposed to the steam-pressure being thus suitably packed.

In order to lubricate the journals h h' h2 of the pitmen, I form in thestationary pin P the bore p, extending centrally from the outer end pastthe journals h h', and secure at the outer end of the pin the oil-cupp', communicating therewith. Extending through the lower part of the pinP and com municating with the bore p are the oil-holes s s'-the oil-holes in the center of thejournal h and the oil-holes s' within thejonrnals/ the oil-holes thus furnishing oil to lubricate these journals.It is necessary also to lubricate the journals h2, and to aecomplishthis I form the oil-holes s', extending from the pin P through the bodyof the pitnlan H to thejournal h' thereof, andI provide the pitman H'with the web or body h3, fitting close to the journal hof the pitman E,and form through said journal h the oil-hole sa, and

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opposite said hole the oil-hole 3*, extending through the web h3 to thejournal h2 of said pitman H', the end of the hole st, next the hole s3,being enlarged to catch any oil passing through the same and feed it tosaid journal h2.

In Fig. 2 is shown the bed-plate C, illustrating the manner in which thesteam enters the cylinder A, and passes thence Vto the exhaustcylinderB. The steam enters through the supply-pipe tinto the centralsteam-inlet, L, in the bed-plate, and rising thence through the port cand the central opening, a, in the slide-Valve N to the port Z or lm,according to the position of said valve. After passing through thecylinder A it passes through the port c or c'L into the exhaust-passageM orM, at the side of the central steam-inlet, L. These passages M M',after passing beyond the steaminlet L, which is closed by an end wall,unite in the longitudinal passage M2, which extends within the bed-plateto the exhaust-cylinder B, and the steam enters through the centralport, b3, and valve N into that cylinder, and after passing through thesame passes through the port b' or bZ into the exhaust-passage U or U',on each side of the passage N. The passages U U' then unite at the endof the bedplate and communicate with the steam-outlet U2, to which theexhaust-pipe u is connected.

The slide-valves N in the two cylinders are connected by the rod N2, towhich the lever N' is keyed, and which extends'to the opposite end ofthe engine and operates the slidevalve therein.

When the engine is in operation, steam enters at the port t, passes intothe steam-inlet L, thence through the ports Z Z into the cylinder-spaceK, or the live-steam cylinder a, and pressing .against thepistons G Gimparts a rotary motion to the piston-head and through it to thepower-shaft, and passes out through the ports m m' into theexhaust-passages M or M' in the bed-plato. It then passes through thelongitudinal passage M2 to the exhauststeam cylinder B, and passesthrough the same course therein, the pressure of the expandedexhaust-steam being thus utilized to increase the power of the engine,and to cause the more even rotation of the shaft than where power isonly applied at one side of the point from which the rotary motiongenerated is.

transmitted to the mechanism to be operated. rIhe engine is simple inconstruction, and as there are but few parts it is not liable to wear orget out of order. Practical operation has proved that a speed as high asfifteen hundred revolutions per minute can be obtained.

' What I claim as my invention is- 1. In rotary engines, thecombination, with kthe piston-head secured concentrically to thepower-shaft and rotating within the steamspace eccentrically therein, ofthe stationary pin extending in the center of the steam-space and withinthe piston-head and being supported therein by a collar formed on theinner side of the cylinder-head, the pitmen journaled thereon, and thepistons pivoted to the pitmen and sliding within the piston-head,substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

2. In rotary engines, the combination, with the cylinder, of thepiston-head rotating Within the steam-space thereof and having sideplates or disks provided with guiding-grooves and the sliding pistonsfitting into said grooves and having spring-actuated packing-bars ontheir side edges Within said guiding-grooves, substantially as and forthe purposes set forth.

3. In rotary engines, the combination, with the cylinder, of the hollowpiston-head E, secured concentrically on the power-shaft and rotatingeccentrically Within the cylinder, the side plate, F', thereof havingthe central opening, f2, and the stationary pin I), extending throughsaid opening into the rotating pistonhead, substantially as and for thepurposes set forth.

4t. In rotary engines, the combination of the cylinder having the hub a3extending out at one side thereof, the power-shaft D, j ournaled in saidhub, the piston-head E, and the side plate or disk, F, rigidly securedto the pistonhead and provided with the collar f, secured to thepower-shaft within the hub a, substantially as and for the purposes setforth.

5. In rotary engines, the combination of the stationary pin I),extending through the cylinder-head and having the central bore, p, andoiling-hole s, and the pitman H, mounted on the pin I?, by means of thejournal h, and having the journal and provided with the oil-hole s,extending from the journal h to the journal h2, substantially as and forthe purposes as set forth.

6. In rotary engines, the combination, with the stationary pin P,extending through the cylinder-head and having the central bore, p, andoiling-hole s, of the pitmen H H', mounted o n said pin, said pitman Hhaving the oil-hole s3 in its journal lr, and said pitman H' having theoil-hole s* opposite said oil-hole s3 and extending to the journal h2 ofsaid pitman, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

7. The bed-plates for compound rotary en gines, having the supply-pipet, central steaminlet, L, and exhaust-passages M M' at the sides oftheinlet L, said exhaust-passages M M' uniting in the longitudinalpassage M, leading through the bed-plate to the exhaust-steam inlet atthe opposite end of the bed-plate, substantially as and for the purposesset forth.

8. In rotary engines, the combination of the bed-plate, the live-steamcylinder A at one end, the exhaust-steam cylinder B at the other IOO IIO

end, and the power-shaft D, carrying rotary piston-heads in saidcylinders and having the band-wheel secured thereto between saidcylinders, substantially as and for the `purposes set forth.

In testimony whereof I, the said JOHN BEY- STRUM, have hereunto set myhand.

JOHN BEYSTRUM. Witnesses:

JAMES I. KAY, J. N. COOKE.

